TAGS: Science-based Formulation
Researchers demonstrate the ability to engineer materials that are both stiff and capable of insulating against heat. This combination of properties is extremely unusual and holds promise for a range of applications. It includes the development of new thermal insulation coatings for electronic devices.
Engineering Stiff & Thermal Insulating Materials
Specifically, the researchers were working with a subset of the class of materials called two-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (2D HOIP).
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Materials that have a high elastic modulus tend to also be highly thermally conductive, and vice versa,” said Jun Liu, co-corresponding author of a paper on the work and an associate professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering at North Carolina State University. “
In other words, if a material is stiff, it does a good job of conducting heat. And if a material is not stiff, then it is usually good at insulating against heat.”
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But there are instances where you’d want materials that are stiff but are also good insulators. For example, you might want to create thermal insulation coatings to protect electronics from high temperatures. Historically, that’s been a challenge. We’ve now discovered a range of materials that are both stiff and excellent thermal insulators. What’s more, we can engineer the materials as needed to control how stiff they are and how thermally conductive they are.”
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While discovering these materials in itself holds tremendous potential for a range of applications, as researchers we are particularly excited because we’ve identified the mechanism that is responsible for these characteristics – namely the critical role that the benzene rings play. This work is exciting because it suggests a new pathway for engineering materials with desirable combinations of properties.”
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These are thin films consisting of alternating organic and inorganic layers in a highly ordered crystalline structure,” said Wei You, co-corresponding author of this paper and professor of chemistry and applied physical sciences at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. “
And we can tune the composition of either the inorganic or organic layer.”
Utilizing 2D Hybrid Organic-inorganic Perovskites
In experiments, the researchers found at least three distinct 2D HOIP materials that became less thermally conductive the stiffer they got.
The researchers also discovered another interesting phenomenon with 2D HOIP materials. Specifically, they found that by introducing chirality into the organic layers – i.e., making the carbon chains in those layers asymmetrical. They could effectively maintain the same stiffness and thermal conductivity even when making substantial changes to the composition of the organic layers.
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We found that we can control the elastic modulus and thermal conductivity of some 2D HOIPs by replacing some of the carbon-carbon chains in the organic layers with benzene rings,” says Qing Tu, co-corresponding author of this paper and an assistant professor of materials science and engineering at Texas A&M University. “
Basically – within this specific subset of layered materials – the more benzene rings we add, the stiffer the material gets, and the better able it is to insulate against heat.”
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This raises some interesting questions about whether we might be able to optimize other characteristics of these materials without having to worry about how those changes might influence the material’s stiffness or thermal conductivity,” added Liu.
The work was done with support from the National Science Foundation, under grants 1943813, 2311573 and 2154791, the Office of Naval Research, under grant N000142012155 and the Department of Energy, under grant DE-SC0020992.
Source: NC State University